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Fidya & Kaffarah regarding Fasting

بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمنِ الرَّحِيمِ. الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ وَصَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ خَاتَمِ النَّبِيِّينَ وَعَلَى جَمِيعِ الأَنْبِيَاءِ وَالْمُرْسَلِينَ.

All Praise is due to Allah, we praise Him and we seek help from Him. We ask forgiveness from Him. We repent to Him; and we seek refuge in Him from our own evils and our own bad deeds. Anyone who is guided by Allah, he is indeed guided; and anyone who has been left astray, will find no one to guide him. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, the Only One without any partner; and I bear witness that Muhammad, peace and blessings on him, is His servant, and His messenger.

Dear Brothers and Sisters …                                     السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته يَا أَيُّهَا الّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ حَقَّ تُقَاتِهِ وَلَا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَأَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ – O you who believe! Fear Allah as He should be feared, and die not except in a state of Islam. What is Fidya? Fidya is an obligatory donation that must be made when a fast is missed due to Sickness or old age, and it cannot be made up after Ramadan. Your Fidya donation must provide one impoverished person with two meals, for each fast that you've missed. Allah says in the Quran surah Baqara 2:185 شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِیْۤ اُنْزِلَ فِیْهِ الْقُرْاٰنُ هُدًی لِّلنَّاسِ وَبَیِّنٰتٍ مِّنَ الْهُدٰی وَالْفُرْقَانِ ۚ فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْیَصُمْهُ ؕ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَرِیْضًا اَوْ عَلٰی سَفَرٍ فَعِدَّةٌ مِّنْ اَیَّامٍ اُخَرَ ؕ یُرِیْدُ اللّٰهُ بِكُمُ الْیُسْرَ وَلَا یُرِیْدُ بِكُمُ الْعُسْرَ ؗ وَلِتُكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ وَلِتُكَبِّرُوا اللّٰهَ عَلٰی مَا هَدٰىكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُوْنَ

The month of Ramaḍan [is that] in which was revealed the Qur’ān, a guidance for the people and clear proofs of guidance and criterion. So whoever sights [the crescent of] the month, let him fast it; and whoever is ill or on a journey - then an equal number of other days. Allāh intends for you ease and does not intend for you hardship and [wants] for you to complete the period and to glorify Allāh for that [to] which He has guided you; and perhaps you will be grateful.

So clearly “and whoever is ill or on a journey, the same number [of days which one did not observe Sawm (fasts) must be made up] from other days”

According to above, If the sickness from which you are suffering is one from which there is the hope of recovery, then after you recover you have to make up the fasts that you missed during this Ramadan and the previous Ramadan,

But if the sickness is permanent and there is no hope of recovery, then you have to feed one poor person for each day that you did not fast in this Ramadan and in the previous one, because Allah says (interpretation of the meaning):

[Fasting for] a limited number of days. So whoever among you is ill or on a journey [during them] - then an equal number of other days [are to be made up]. And upon those who are able [to fast, but with hardship] - a ransom [as substitute] of feeding a poor person [each day]. And whoever volunteers good [i.e., excess] - it is better for him. But to fast is best for you, if you only knew.

So very clear. “And as for those who can fast with difficulty, (e.g. an old man), they have (a choice either to fast or) to feed a Miskeen (poor person) (for every day)”

Ibn ‘Abbaas said: This refers to the old man or old woman who cannot fast, so for each day they should feed one poor person. The sick person who has no hope of recovery comes under the same ruling as the elderly.

Narrated 'Ata: That he heard Ibn `Abbas reciting the Divine Verse: -- "And for those who can fast they had a choice either fast, or feed a poor for every day.." (2.184) Ibn `Abbas said, "This Verse is not abrogated, but it is meant for old men and old women who have no strength to fast, so they should feed one poor person for each day of fasting (instead of fasting). Sahih al-Bukhari 4505. https://sunnah.com/bukhari:4505

Ibn Qudaamah said in al-Mughni, 4/396: The sick person who has no hope of recovery should not fast, and for each day he should feed one poor person, because he is like one who is elderly.

Now answer to the question how much to pay for Fidya, so according to the Quran clearly 1 day feed for Maskin which equal to 2 meals in a day. This will be calculated according to the area where you are giving. For example, for following countries according to current situation fidya amount is as follows:

Bangladesh = £3.50 Per day  === Pakistan = £4.50 Per day === India = £4.00 Per day

What is Kaffarah?

Kaffarah is a payment that needs to be made when a person deliberately breaks their fast during the month of Ramadan without a valid reason, and the person cannot fast at a later time for 60 continuous days.

The requirement for Kaffarah is to provide one person with two meals a day, for two months. For example, for Pakistan £4.50 x 60 = £270. If you have broken your fast without good reason, please make your Kaffarah payment at your earlies in case you cannot fast for 60 continuous days to provide those in need with nutritious food to eat.

I conclude with this and send prayers of blessings and peace upon our Prophet as your Lord commanded:

Allahumma Sallai Al’a Muahmmad’n wa’aila Muhammad

أَقُولُ مَا تَسْمَعُونَ وَأَسْتَغْفِرُ اللهَ  لِي وَلَكُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ ذَنْبٍ فَاسْتَغْفِرُوهُ  إِنَّهُ هُوَ الغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ For Any further Information please contact me at info@irlammosque.org. Mahboob Rasool Hashmi.